Reasons of Poverty
In many cases, the poor are forced to stick together.
Concentrated poverty is typically defined as an area in which at least 40% of the population lives below the federal poverty threshold (in 2007, $10,210 for a single person, $20,650 for a family of four).
The effects are devastating.
“(W)hen the proportion of "affluent leadership class" families in a neighborhood drops below 6 percent, there is a rapid increase in such social pathologies among teens as delinquency, out-of-wedlock pregnancy, and dropping out of high school,” psychologist James Garbarino wrote in his book Lost Boys.“Once this tipping point is reached, the neighborhood is ripe for becoming an "inner-city war zone." This is clearly what happened in many neighborhoods in cities like Chicago in the 1950s and 1960s, setting the stage for the dramatic upsurge of youth violence that occurred during the 1980s.”
What will be successful?
A 2006 study spelled it out: “Because high rates of neighborhood poverty are linked to negative social, economic, and health outcomes for children, these negative outcomes tend to be geographically concentrated in poor communities.”4
- Data provided by Education Week
- Based on 2000 Census Data compiled by the National Campaign to Prevent Teen Pregnancy
- Compiled from the 2005 Census update
- The Concentration of Negative Child Outcomes in Low-Income Neighborhoods; Mark Mather and Kerri L. Rivers; The Annie E. Casey Foundation Population Reference Bureau, February 2006
- Compiled from the 2005 Census update
- Serving Low-income Families in Poverty Neighborhoods; Using Promising Programs and Practices: Building a Foundation for Redesigning Public and Nonprofit Social Services; Bay Area Social Services Coalition
- The Environment of Childhood Poverty; American Psychologist; Volume 59(2), February/March 2004, p 77-92
- Concentrated Poverty vs. Concentrated Affluence: Effects on Neighborhood Social Environments and Children's Outcomes; Anne R. Pebley and Narayan Sastry; RAND; May, 2003
- As rich-poor gap widens in U.S., class mobility stalls; David Wessel; Wall Street Journal, Friday, May 13, 2005
- Enduring Poverty and the Conditions of Childhood: Lifecourse and Intergenerational Poverty Transmissions; Caroline Harper, Rachel Marcus, Karen Moore; World Development Vol. 31, No. 3, pp. 535–554, 2003
- The Intergenerational Transfer of Psychosocial Risk; Mediators, Vulnerability and Resilience; Lisa A. Serbin and Jennifer Karp; Annual Revue of Psychology, 55:333-63, 2004
- The Environment of Childhood Poverty; American Psychologist; Volume 59(2), February/March 2004, p 77-92
- Ibid
- Ibid
- Ibid
- Ibid
- Ibid
- Enduring Poverty and the Conditions of Childhood: Lifecourse and Intergenerational Poverty Transmissions; Caroline Harper, Rachel Marcus, Karen Moore; World Development Vol. 31, No. 3, pp. 535–554, 2003
